![]() Restoration of the outer retinal layers after surgical macular hole closure occurs in the order of ELM, ONL, and EZ. Example of Retina / HiDPI mercator tiles (512x512px) available as XYZ. Intermediate reflective protrusions appeared under the ONL plus ELM after surgery and were eventually replaced by EZ. Rendering a COG as a tiled layer from a Blob. A retinal detachment is usually diagnosed clinically and with exam, but shallow macular detachments are sometimes hard to appreciate early on. ![]() Ellipsoid zone was not formed in coexistence with the hyperreflective protrusions. Think of OCT technology’s role as identifying changes in optical density, which are depicted either in color or grayscale. Hyperreflective protrusions were observed from the area lacking ELM into the subretinal space after surgery. Remember that the outer retina contains the RPE and the photoreceptors, and the inner retina contains the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and the ganglion cells. The lens works together with the cornea to focus light correctly on the retina. Our peripheral vision allows us to see the world more clearly and alert. A, Cross section of the retina and choroid, showing the layers of the retina (labeled). Retinoschisis is a condition that occurs when a layer of the retina splits into two. External limiting membrane and ONL were necessary for EZ restoration. Cross-sectional photomicrographs of peripheral macular and foveal retina (H&E stain). Here is a mnemonic from category Anatomy named Layers of the retina: Membrane (internal limiting) Nerve fibers Ganglions Inner plexiform Inner nuclear Outer. External limiting membrane was necessary for ONL restoration. Results:Īt all postoperative visits, the complete continuous layer rate was in the descending order of ELM, ONL, and EZ and the mean defect length was in the ascending order of ELM, ONL, and EZ. ![]() The complete continuous layer rate and mean defect length were evaluated for the outer nuclear layer (ONL), external limiting membrane (ELM), and ellipsoid zone (EZ). Optical coherence tomography was obtained before surgery at 1, 3, and 6 months postsurgery and at the last visit. This retrospective observational study included 50 eyes of 47 consecutive patients with closed macular holes in the first vitrectomy. The Photoreceptors As noted earlier, the human retina consists of two types of photoreceptors: the rods and cones. To investigate the interrelationship among the outer retinal layers after macular hole surgery and elucidate the restoration process. ![]()
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